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本文运用“三维语法”的理论讨论了汉语句子教学,认为汉语语法教学中核心的、关键的问题是句子的语法教学。本文在论述句子观的基础上着重讨论造句和析句问题,认为句子由“句干+语气”组成,是句型、句模、句类的结合体,有具体句与抽象句之别,具体句有语境句与孤立句之别。造句是“从意义到形式的语法编码”过程,即从意义入手去选择相适应的表达形式的过程;造句的基本方法是:抓住动核结构进行句法布局形成句干(“句型—句模”结合体),再加上语气(句类),就能造出一个句子。析句是“从形式到意义的语法解码”过程,即从形式入手去发现句子所表达意义的过程;析句的基本方法是:抓住各种语法形式来分析句型并透过句型发掘动核结构构成的句模、句干的句式意义以及句子表达的语气意义等,就能理解一个句子的意义。
This paper uses the theory of “three-dimensional grammar ” to discuss the teaching of Chinese sentences, and concludes that the key and crucial issue in Chinese grammar teaching is the grammar teaching of sentences. Based on the discussion of the concept of sentence, this paper focuses on the problem of making sentences and analyzing sentences, and thinks that the sentence consists of “sentence stem + tone ”, which is a combination of sentence pattern, sentence pattern and sentence category. , The specific sentence with the context of sentences and isolated sentences do not. Sentence is “from the meaning to the form of grammar coding ” process, that is, from the meaning to choose the appropriate form of expression process; the basic method of sentence making is to seize the dynamic nuclear structure of the sentence to form the sentence structure syntax ( “sentence Type - Sentence ”combination), together with tone (sentence), you can create a sentence. Parsing sentence is “from the form to the meaning of grammar decoding ” process, that is, from the form to find the meaning of the sentence; the basic method of parsing is: Grasp the grammatical form to analyze sentence patterns and sentences Type excavated nucleus structure of the sentence pattern, sentence sentence meaning and the meaning of sentence expression tone, you can understand the meaning of a sentence.