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我国已故著名的人文地理学家和地理教育家李旭旦教授,曾以《知国·爱国·报国》为题论述地理教育问题。这一标题精辟地概括了地理学科进行国情教育的目的。一、用综合性观点认识我国国情我国位于亚洲大陆的东部,太平洋的西岸,大部分地区位于中纬度,领土面积约960万平方公里,是世界上面积最大的国家之一。我国又是一个濒海大国,海区总面积为470万平方公里,根据1982年《国际海洋法公约》,我国管辖有300万平方公里的专属经济区。这是我国国土最基本的国情。我国绝大部分地区热量充足,东部季风气候显著,雨热同季,水热的地域组合较好。我国自然条件复杂多样,矿产、土地、生物、水力以及海洋资源丰富,
China’s late famous human geographer and geography educator Professor Li Xudan used the topic of “know the country, patriotism, and returning to the country” to discuss the issue of geography education. This title is an incisive summary of the purpose of geography disciplines for national education. I. Understanding China’s national conditions with a comprehensive perspective China is located in the eastern part of the Asian continent and on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. Most of the regions are located in the mid-latitudes and have a territorial area of approximately 9.6 million square kilometers. It is one of the largest countries in the world. China is also a big country in the Bohai Sea with a total area of 4.7 million square kilometers. According to the 1982 International Convention on the Law of the Sea, China has jurisdiction over 3 million square kilometers of exclusive economic zone. This is the most basic national condition in our country. In most parts of China, there is sufficient heat, the eastern monsoon climate is significant, and the combination of rain and heat in the same season and in areas with hot water and heat is better. China’s natural conditions are complex and diverse, with rich mineral, land, biological, hydraulic and marine resources.