论文部分内容阅读
目的了解2010—2014年北京市房山区学校及托幼机构水痘的流行病学特征,为水痘的防控提供依据。方法对2010—2014年北京市房山区学校及托幼机构水痘报告病例资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2010—2014年房山区学校及托幼机构共报告水痘病例2 431例,年均发病率为365.59/10万。发病主要集中在4、5月和11月—次年1月,占全年发病的62.36%;全区各乡镇均有发病,主要分布在人口密度较大的乡镇;托幼儿童和小学生是水痘的高发人群(66.19%),大学生水痘发病例数在各年的构成比有逐年增加的趋势,2013年达到最高;约有42.74%的病例有水痘疫苗免疫接种史。结论应加强冬季和春末夏初托幼儿童及小学生水痘疫情的预防与控制,做好水痘防病知识宣传和疫苗接种工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in schools and nurseries of Fangshan District in Beijing from 2010 to 2014 so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of chickenpox. Methods Epidemiological analysis of case reports of chickenpox in schools and nurseries of Fangshan District in Beijing from 2010 to 2014 was performed. Results A total of 2 431 chickenpox cases were reported from schools and kindergartens in Fangshan District from 2010 to 2014 with an average annual incidence rate of 365.59 / 100,000. The incidence mainly concentrated in April, May and November - January the following year, accounting for 62.36% of the annual incidence; all towns and villages in the region have morbidity, mainly in towns and villages with population density; child care and primary school children are chickenpox (66.19%). The incidence of chickenpox among college students tended to increase year by year, reaching the highest level in 2013; about 42.74% of the cases had history of chickenpox vaccination. Conclusions The prevention and control of chickenpox outbreak in children and primary schoolchildren in winter, spring, early summer and early summer should be strengthened and knowledge of varicella prevention and vaccination should be well done.