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目的分析攀枝花市人群人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)-1抗体阳性样本流行病学资料及蛋白印迹试验(Western blot,WB)带型,以期为开展艾滋病防治措施提供科学依据。方法对2012-2015年攀枝花市所属各县(市)医院和疾病预防控制中心、血站送检的2 303份HIV抗体初筛阳性样本进行统计分析,并进行WB带型分析。结果 2 303份HIV抗体初筛阳性样本中,HIV-1阳性2 060份,占89.45%,阴性133份,占5.77%,不确定110份,占4.78%;2 060份HIV-1阳性样本中,以男性为主,占73.01%;以年龄≥50岁较为多见,占28.69%;以初中及以下文化程度为主,占77.33%;以已婚有配偶较为多见,占58.88%;感染途径以异性传播和同性传播为主,分别占69.17%、22.96%;2 060份HIV-1抗体阳性样本的WB条带中,共1 998份样本出现6条带及以上,占96.99%,以抗env基因编码蛋白的抗体阳性率最高,占99.40%,其次为抗pol基因编码蛋白的抗体阳性,占93.79%,抗gag基因编码蛋白的抗体阳性率最低,占75.95%;110份不确定样本中,抗env基因编码蛋白、抗pol基因编码蛋白、抗gag基因编码蛋白的抗体阳性率分别为22.12%、5.76%、21.82%。结论艾滋病筛查实验室应进一步加强规范化管理,消除初筛实验假阳性结果的因素。此外,HIV感染者以男性、已婚有配偶、低学历、高龄较为多见,应加强对此类人群的行为干预。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze epidemiological data of HIV-1 positive samples and Western blot (WB) genotypes in Panzhihua City in order to provide a scientific basis for AIDS prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 2 303 positive samples of HIV antibody screening from each county (city) hospital, CDC and blood bank of Panzhihua City from 2012 to 2015 were analyzed statistically and analyzed by WB banding. Results Among the 2 303 positive samples of HIV antibody screening, 2 060 were positive for HIV-1, accounting for 89.45%, negative for 133, accounting for 5.77% and uncertain for 110, accounting for 4.78%. Among 2 060 HIV-1 positive samples , Mainly male, accounting for 73.01%; more common in age ≥50 years, accounting for 28.69%; mainly in junior high school and below, accounting for 77.33%; married couples are more common, accounting for 58.88%; infection The pathways were mainly heterosexual transmission and same-sex transmission, accounting for 69.17% and 22.96% respectively. Of the 2 060 HIV-1 positive samples, there were 6 bands and over 1 998 samples (96.99% of WB bands) Antibodies encoding anti-env gene had the highest positive rate (99.40%), followed by anti-pol gene (93.79%), the lowest anti-gag gene (75.95%), and undefined samples The positive rates of anti-env gene encoding protein, anti-pol gene encoding protein and anti-gag gene encoding protein were 22.12%, 5.76% and 21.82% respectively. Conclusion AIDS screening laboratories should further strengthen the standardized management and eliminate the false positive results of screening tests. In addition, HIV-infected persons are more common with men, married couples, lower education and senior citizens, and behavioral interventions should be strengthened.