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近些年来,随着纳米技术的发展,出现了很多微纳米反应器,该反应器能够提供具有纳米尺寸的反应环境,使得在该环境下进行的反应受到纳米空间的影响,生成具有纳米效应或特殊结构的产物。在聚烯烃催化聚合中,也出现很多具有受限空间的微纳米反应器载体,这些载体不仅能够负载烯烃催化剂,还能为烯烃聚合反应提供受限空间环境。在纳米尺度效应的影响下,催化烯烃聚合进程发生变化,可以得到一些具有特殊结构与性能(比如高熔点、超高分子量、纤维状)的聚烯烃产物。本文总结现阶段受限空间下烯烃聚合研究的最新成果,主要根据聚合物的不同结构进行分类,分别介绍了受限空间对聚烯烃产物的形貌、反应动力学及活性、初级结构、二级结构和凝聚态结构及性能的影响,并对受限聚合研究的发展趋势进行了展望。
In recent years, with the development of nanotechnology, there have been many micro-nano reactors that can provide a nano-sized reaction environment such that the reactions carried out in this environment are affected by the nanospace and generate nano-or nano- Special structure of the product. In the polyolefin-catalyzed polymerization, there are also many micro-nano reactor carriers with confined spaces that can not only carry olefin catalysts but also provide a limited space environment for olefin polymerization. Under the influence of nanoscale effect, the polymerization process of olefin is changed, and some polyolefin products with special structures and properties (such as high melting point, ultra-high molecular weight and fibrous shape) can be obtained. This article summarizes the latest achievements in the study of olefin polymerization in confined spaces at this stage, and mainly classified according to the different structures of the polymers. The morphology, reaction kinetics and activity of the polyolefin products, the primary structure, the secondary structure Structure and condensed state structure and properties, and prospects of the development trend of the limited polymerization research.