夏玉米耗水规律及水分胁迫对其生长发育和产量的影响

• 作 者: 孙景生 肖俊夫 段爱旺 张淑敏 张寄阳
• 机 构: 水利部、中国农科院农田灌溉研究所
• 出 处: 玉米科学
• 发表日期: 1999年02期
• 关键词: 夏玉米 耗水规律 水分胁迫 产量与水分关系

依据灌溉试验资料，研究夏玉米生育期内的耗水规律及植株蒸腾与棵间蒸发变化规律，分析水分胁迫对其生长发育和产量形成的影响。结果表明，水分适宜处理的夏玉米，生育期耗水量４２５２５ｍｍ，各时段耗水量占全生育期耗水量的百分比分别为１４３４％、１０４９％、１０４３％、１５７０％、２７１６％、１３６３％和８２５％，相应的日平均耗水强度分别为４０６４、２９７３、２９５８、４４５２、７６９９、３８６０和２１９２ｍｍ／ｄ；玉米田的棵间蒸发量较大，约占其整个生育期总耗水量的３５％～３８％；各生育时段遭受水分胁迫均会引起一系列不良后果，其中尤以抽雄吐丝前后４０ｄ左右缺水影响最大，其次是拔节期缺水。

According to the experimental data of irrigation, the law of water consumption in summer maize growth period and the law of transpiration and transpiration of plants were studied, and the influence of water stress on its growth and yield formation was analyzed. The results showed that the summer maize suitable for water treatment had a water consumption of 425.25 mm during the growth period, and the percentages of water consumption during the whole growth period were 1434%, 1049%, 1043% and 1570 respectively %, 2716%, 1363% and 825% respectively. The corresponding daily average water consumption intensity was 4064, 2973, 2958, 4452, 7699, 3860 and 2  192mm / d; Corn field evaporation between the larger, accounting for its entire growth period of the total water consumption of 35% to 38%; each growth period subject to water stress will cause a series of adverse consequences, especially tasseled About 40 days after silking, water loss had the greatest impact, followed by lack of water at jointing stage.