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一、供应链和柔性的定义20世纪六七十年代,供应链在世界范围内已经受到广泛关注,各国的学者和企业家都在理论和实践上做出了很多的探讨和研究。“供应链”至今尚无一个公认的定义,比较常用的提法是:供应链是围绕核心企业,通过信息流、物流、资金流将供应商、分销商、零售商直到最终用户连成一个整体的功能网链结构模式,链中的成员称为供应链的节点。更加确切地说,供应链是描述商品需-产-供过程中各实体和活动及其相互关系动态变化的网络。从拓朴结构来看,它是一个网络,其中心是供应链的核心企业;它的服务对象是产品或服务的最终用户;它有5个主要评价指标:速度、柔性、质量、成本和服务。本文将着重研究柔性对于供应链的影响。
First, the definition of supply chain and flexibility In the 1960s and 1970s, the supply chain in the world has received widespread attention, scholars and entrepreneurs in many countries have made a lot of discussion and research in theory and practice. There is no accepted definition of “supply chain” so far. The more commonly used formulation is that the supply chain is around the core enterprise and connects the suppliers, distributors and retailers to the end users through information flow, logistics and capital flow. The functional chain structure model, the members of the chain known as the supply chain node. More precisely, the supply chain is a network that describes the dynamics of the entities and activities in the process of commodity demand and supply and their interactions. From a topological perspective, it is a network whose center is the core enterprise in the supply chain; its clients are end-users of products or services; it has five key metrics: speed, flexibility, quality, cost and service . This article will focus on the impact of flexibility on the supply chain.