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目的探索不同水稻种植区水稻品种对酸雨胁迫的响应规律。方法采用室内试验方法,研究pH2.0、2.5、3.0、3.5、4.0和5.0模拟酸雨对冈优906、Ⅱ优838和汕优77三个品种水稻种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数和异状发芽率5个指标的影响。结果酸雨持续胁迫7 d后,上述3个品种的发芽(率)势、发芽(活力)指数随胁迫强度增加(pH 5.0~3.0)呈先增后减的变化;其中Ⅱ优838的发芽(势)指数在pH 3.0时仍显著大于对照;pH 2.5时仅有异状发芽,pH 2.0时不发芽。三者的发芽(率)势、发芽(活力)指数等均与胁迫时间(1~7 d)呈显著负相关(异状发芽率呈正相关)。结论酸雨对3个稻种的伤害阈限为pH 2.5~3.0,胁迫时间为2~5 d,三者对酸雨抗性差异存在显著性,即Ⅱ优838>冈优906与汕优77。
Objective To explore the response of rice varieties to acid rain stress in different rice growing areas. Methods Indoor experiments were conducted to study the effects of simulated acid rain at pH 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 and 5.0 on the germination rate, germination vigor, germination index, vigor of three rice varieties Gangyou 906, Ⅱ You 838 and Shanyou 77 Index and abnormal germination rate of 5 indicators of the impact. Results After 7 days of continuous acid rain stress, the germination (rate) potential and the germination (vigor) index of the above three varieties increased first and then decreased with the increase of the stress intensity (pH 5.0-3.0) ) Index was still significantly larger than the control at pH 3.0; only the heterotrophic germination at pH 2.5 and no germination at pH 2.0. The germination (rate) potential and germination (vigor) index of the three were negatively correlated with the stress time (1-7 days) (the rate of abnormal germination was positively correlated). Conclusion The acid rain injury threshold of three rice varieties is pH 2.5-3.0 and the stress time is 2-5 days. There is a significant difference in resistance to acid rain between the three treatments, ie Ⅱ You 838> Gangyou 906 and Shanyou 77.