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研究了铜 (Ⅱ )与黄河泥沙相互作用的离子交换率E(% )—pH曲线 ,以及各种因素对该曲线的影响。结果为 :(1 )铜以一价络离子形式在泥沙表面进行阳离子交换 ,在天然黄河水 pH值 (8 0— 8 5)下 ,铜的E(% )达到 1 0 0 % ;(2 )当〔Cu2 +〕由 1 57× 1 0 - 5mol·L- 1 增加到 2× 1 57× 1 0 - 5mol·L- 1 时 ,离子交换率降低 ;(3)浓度为 2 7× 1 0 - 6mol·L- 1 甘氨酸对提高E(% )起促进作用 ;(4)交换剂为转化沙的铜离子交换率比未转化沙小 ;(5)泥沙粒度由 1 2 0— 2 0 0目变为 1 0 0— 1 2 0目 ,离子交换率降低。实验说明黄河泥沙对铜有很好的自净能力。
The ion exchange rate E (%) -pH curve of copper (Ⅱ) interaction with the Yellow River sediment was studied, and the influence of various factors on the curve was also studied. The results are as follows: (1) Copper is cation exchanged on the sediment surface with monovalent complex ions. The E (%) of copper reaches 100% in the natural Yellow River water at the pH value of 80-85. ) Ion exchange rate decreased when [Cu2 +] was increased from 157 × 10 5 mol·L-1 to 2 × 1 57 × 10 5 mol·L-1; (3) the concentration was 27 × 10 - 6mol·L-1 glycine to improve the E (%) played a role in promoting; (4) exchanger for the conversion of sand copper ion exchange rate than the untransformed sand smaller; (5) sediment size from 120 ~ 200 Head into a 100 - 120 mesh, ion exchange rate decreased. Experiments show that the Yellow River sediment has a good self-purification of copper.