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本文根据热电子发射的统计理论,运用无穷大平板二极管中考虑电子纵向热速度效应的电位状态与普通电子枪中阴极前面的电位状态相等效的处理方法,编写了电子枪的计算机程序,得到了计算的电子枪发射电流值与实测的电流值相一致的结果,文中还通过计算分析指出,在计算电子束管电子枪的发射电流时,必须考虑电子的纵向热速度效应,其计算的电流值比3/2次方定律的电流值大,且更接近实测结果;微波管强流电子枪中,电子纵向热速度效应在低工作电压下比在高工作电压下影响大些,但总的来说,比在电子束管中的影响小得多;电子纵向热速度效应对发射电流的影响随阴极的发射电流密度与阴极发射本领差别的增大而增加,但当这一差别大于一定值后,这种影响的大小趋于恒值。
Based on the statistical theory of hot electron emission, a computer program of electron gun is programmed based on the treatment of the potential state of the electronic diode in the infinite flat-plate diode considering the effect of the longitudinal thermal velocity of the electron and the potential state in front of the cathode in the conventional electron gun. Emission current value and measured current value are consistent results, the paper also calculated by the analysis pointed out that in the calculation of the emission current of electron beam electron gun, we must consider the electronic longitudinal thermal velocity effect, the calculated current value than 3/2 The law of the current value is large, and closer to the measured results; microwave electron gun, the electron longitudinal thermal velocity effect at low operating voltage than at high operating voltage greater impact, but in general, than in the electron beam The effect of the longitudinal thermal velocity of the electron on the emission current increases with the difference between the emission current density and the cathode emission ability of the cathode. However, when the difference is larger than a certain value, the influence of the influence Tends to constant value.