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人工有性杂交是創造作物新品种的重要方法之一。众所周知,小麦有性杂交分为去雄和授粉两个步驟。每个步驟进行得是否及时与正确,直接关系到杂交的成敗?菸覀兊奶寤?在去雄后二至三天内,每天上午8—11时,采用新鮮花粉进行一次人工控制授粉,可以获得較好的效果。具体方法是,在被事先确定的父本中挑选健壮无病的植株,当其穗中部已有个别黄色花药露出内外穎,即表示該穗中部小穗花花粉多已成熟,此时根据計划杂交花数,拔起一定数量的父本穗,在授粉前,促使开花。促进开花的方法有两种:(1)用左手摄住穗下节,右手从穗基部向上抹;如此反复数次,两分鐘后,中部小穗花陆續开放。(2)
Artificial sexual hybridization is one of the important ways to create new crop varieties. It is well-known that sexual hybridization of wheat is divided into two steps: removing male and pollination. Each step is carried out timely and correct, is directly related to the success or failure of hybridization? smoke 覀 兊 milk 寤? 2-3 days after the male to postnatal day, 8-11 am, the use of fresh pollen artificial control pollination, Get better results. The specific method is to select healthy and disease-free plants in the pre-determined male parent. When there are individual yellow anthers in the central part of the panicle that show internal and external Ying, it means that the ear of the spikelet in the middle part of the ear is mature. At this time, Number, pull up a certain number of male spikes, before pollination, prompting flowering. There are two ways to promote flowering: (1) Take the lower part of the spike with your left hand and the right hand with the upper part of the spike from the base of the spike; repeated several times, two minutes later, the spikelet gradually opens up. (2)