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目的探讨初治涂阳空洞性肺结核短程化疗效果及X线变化。方法回顾性分析92例初治涂阳空洞性肺结核的患者6个月短程化疗近、远期疗效及X线胸片变化。结果92例患者发热70例,咳嗽咳痰81例,乏力、盗汗41例。X线胸片表现为单发、薄壁、干酪性空洞68例、病变累及3个以上肺野66例。完成6个月化疗后痰菌阴转率为97.8%,病程10～30d空洞治疗有效率为87.5%(58/64),病程30～60d42.8%(12/28)。结论初治涂阳空洞肺结核多有典型的结核中毒症状。X线胸片以单发、薄壁、干酪性空洞为主,病变累及多个肺野,早期治疗有利空洞吸收。采用短程化疗,近、远期效果良好。
Objective To investigate the effect of short-course chemotherapy and X-ray changes of initially smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods A retrospective analysis of 92 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis smear positive and short-term effects of 6-month chemotherapy and X-ray changes. Results 92 patients with fever in 70 cases, 81 cases of cough and expectoration, fatigue, night sweats in 41 cases. X-ray showed single, thin-walled, cheese cavity 68 cases of lesions involving more than 3 lung field in 66 cases. After 6 months of chemotherapy, the sputum negative conversion rate was 97.8%. The effective rate of emptying treatment for 10-30 days was 87.5% (58/64) and the duration was 30-60 days (42.8%, 12/28). Conclusions First-time smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis has typical symptoms of tuberculosis. X-ray chest to single, thin-walled, cheese cavity mainly lesions involving multiple lung fields, early treatment of favorable cavity absorption. Using short-course chemotherapy, near and long-term effect is good.