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以5个雄性不育系和6个恢复系为亲本进行不完全双列杂交,研究向日葵皮壳率的遗传变异规律,对各杂交组合F_1代、部分组合的F_2代和回交世代进行遗传分析,结果表明:皮壳率属于数量性状,基因加性效应对皮壳率的表现起主导作用。皮壳率的遗传力较高,选择响应很大,可通过早代选择等方法直接进行遗传改良。双亲的皮壳率制约着杂种F_1代该性状的表现。双亲皮壳率差值的大小影响杂种F_2代的遗传变异幅度。在育种实践中,为降低杂种F_1代的皮壳率,杂交双亲之一必须是薄壳类型。
The genetic variation of sunflower husk percentage was studied by incomplete diallel cross with 5 male sterile lines and 6 restorer lines. Genetic analysis was performed on F 1 generation, partial combination F 2 generation and backcross generation of each hybrid combination The results showed that the scallop rate belongs to the quantitative trait and the gene additive effect plays a dominant role in the scallop rate. Sheath rate higher heritability, the choice of response, can be directly selected by early selection and other methods of genetic improvement. The skin percentage of parents restricts the performance of hybrid F_1 generation. The size difference of the two parents affected the genetic variation of F_2 generation. In breeding practice, one of the hybrid parents must be a shell type in order to reduce the husking rate of the F1 hybrids.