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对天津北部近岸贝类增养殖区的潜在生态风险进行评价,分析了2012-2013年该区域多介质(水体、沉积物及贝类)中重金属的含量。本研究采用的评价方法为单因子评价法及Hakanson提出的潜在生态危害指数法。评价结果表明,本海域海水中重金属均符合《海水水质标准》二类标准;沉积物中重金属均符合《沉积物标准》一类标准;2012-2013年的潜在危害指数均为轻微水平;2012-2013年生物体中重金属含量均有不同程度的超标,2013年贝类生物中重金属含量较2012年明显降低。综合各项评价结果,尽管天津北部近岸海水增养殖区环境质量综合指数满足功能要求,但应该重视该海域环境质量现状,采取有效措施对环境进行改善。
The potential ecological risk of shellfish aquaculture in the coastal area of northern Tianjin was evaluated, and the content of heavy metals in multi-media (water body, sediment and shellfish) in the area from 2012 to 2013 was analyzed. The evaluation methods used in this study were the single factor evaluation method and the potential ecological risk index method proposed by Hakanson. The evaluation results showed that the heavy metals in the seawater of the sea area all met the second class standard of “seawater quality standard”; the heavy metals in the sediment all met the first class standard of “sediment standard”; the potential hazard indexes of 2012-2013 were all slightly; In 2013, the contents of heavy metals in organisms were all exceeded to some extent. In 2013, the contents of heavy metals in shellfish were significantly lower than those in 2012. Based on the results of the evaluation, although the integrated index of environmental quality of coastal marine water aquaculture in northern Tianjin meets the functional requirements, the status quo of the environmental quality in the sea area should be emphasized and effective measures should be taken to improve the environment.