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目的：探讨贫血病因诊断中骨髓细胞学检查的价值。方法选取许昌市中心医院2013年3月至2015年3月收治的200例贫血患者，采用骨髓细胞学检查，探讨其在病因诊断中的作用。结果贫血致病病因可找出152例，占76%；另48例，占24%的患者无特异性骨髓象表现，但经骨髓检查，可排除原发性血液系统疾病。结论贫血为临床多种疾病表现在血液系统的特征，其发病早晚、病情轻重，与诱导贫血的原发疾病密切相关，血常规检查为早期对贫血检出的最有效、快捷的手段，而实施骨髓穿刺细胞学检查可明确贫血原因，确诊疾病类型，为治疗提供参考依据。“,”Objective To investigate the value of bone marrow cytology in diagnosis of the cau-ses of anemia. Methods From March 2013 to March 2015,two hundrad cases of anemia were given bone marrow cytology,to investigate the role in the etiology diagnosis. Results Anemia can cause path-ogenic identify 152 cases,accounting for 76% ;the other 48 cases,accounting for 24% ,without specific bone marrow performance,but after bone marrow examination,the primary blood diseases can be ruled out. Conclusions For many clinical diseases in hematological characteristics of anemic,the disease oc-curring time,the severity of the disease,and anemia induced original disease is closely related. Blood routine examination for early detection of anemia in the most effective and efficient means,and the imple-mentation of cytological examination of bone marrow puncture can determine the causes of anemia,and provide reference diagnose disease type and treatment.