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近几年来,随着我国社会保障制度,特别是职工养老保险方面进行的一系列卓有成效的改革,城镇地区老有所养的问题有了明显的改观。但是,这些进步还只是初步的,随着人口老龄化的到来,高龄人口的大幅度增加,老年人口的诸如家庭照料与社会化服务等一些深层次的矛盾和问题已越来越突出地摆在了我们的面前。 据统计,1994年底北京市60岁及以上老年人已达145万人,占总人口的比重达12.5％,与1990年相比增加35万多人。人口老龄化趋势的加快,老年人群体的日益庞大,无疑已经成为市场经济发展过程中不可忽视的社会问题,它给社会经济发展所带来的影响也是多方面的。人们越来越关注,家庭与社会在照料和赡养老年人方面如何保持一种合理的平衡。家庭养老的传统与急剧变迁的社会观念之间的矛盾使我们认识到,人口老龄化的不断发展,特别是在建立社会主义市场经济体制过程中,老龄工作面临着许多新情况和新问题。建立和完善全方位的老年人供养体系已成为社会经济发展总体规划中必不可少的问题之一。全国1亿多老年人的特殊需求,不仅对社会保障制度的改革提出了新的内容,同时也对“老有所养”提出了更高的要求。 应该看到,在大多数老年人安度幸福晚年的同时,也有一部分老年人由于经济收入水平低、年纪大、身
In recent years, with the series of fruitful reforms in China’s social security system, especially the pension insurance for workers and staff members, there has been a marked change in the problem of getting old in urban areas. However, these improvements are still preliminary. With the aging population, the number of senior citizens has risen sharply. Some deep-rooted contradictions and problems such as family care and social services for the elderly have become increasingly prominent In front of us According to statistics, by the end of 1994, 1.45 million people aged 60 and above in Beijing had reached the age of 14, accounting for 12.5% of the total population, an increase of more than 350,000 over 1990. The accelerating population aging and the ever-increasing number of the elderly have undoubtedly become a social issue that can not be ignored in the process of market economy development. The impact it has on social and economic development is also manifold. There is growing concern about how families and communities maintain a reasonable balance in care and support for the elderly. The contradiction between the tradition of the family pension and the rapidly changing social concept makes us realize that the aging population is constantly evolving. Especially in the process of establishing a socialist market economic system, aging work is confronted with many new situations and problems. Establishing and perfecting a full range of elderly support systems has become an indispensable issue in the overall planning of social and economic development. The special needs of more than 100 million seniors across the country have not only put forward new contents for the reform of the social security system, but also put forward higher requirements on “keeping old ones”. It should be noted that while most of the elderly live happily ever after in their lives, some older people, due to their low income levels, their age and their body,