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目的探讨谷氨酸（ｇｌｕｔａｍａｔｅ）在体外对中脑腹侧神经元的神经毒性作用。方法用培养的新生大鼠中脑腹侧神经元，暴露于谷氨酸后，经抗酪氨酸羟化酶（ＴＨ）和抗γ－氨基丁酸（ＧＡＢＡ）双重免疫细胞染色，观察谷氨酸对神经元的毒性作用以及与其受体的关系。结果新生大鼠中脑腹侧主要含有多巴胺（ＤＡ）及ＧＡＢＡ神经元。谷氨酸对体外培养１周的ＤＡ神经元的半数致死量为６０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，而对ＧＡＢＡ神经元的半数致死量则为１６０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。非ＮＭＤＡ受体拮抗剂ＣＮＱＸ对ＤＡ神经元的保护作用较强，联合使用ＣＮＱＸ和ＮＭＤＡ受体拮抗剂ｄ－ＡＰＶ可完全阻断谷氨酸的毒性作用。结论ＤＡ神经元对谷氨酸的兴奋性毒性具有较高的敏感性，神经元对谷氨酸毒性的不同敏感性可能与谷氨酸受体的分布有关
Objective To investigate the neurotoxic effect of glutamate on ventral neurons of midbrain in vitro. Methods The cultured ventral midbrain neurons of cultured neonatal rats were exposed to glutamic acid and then stained with anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and anti-γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Toxicity of Acid to Neurons and Its Relationship with Its Receptors. Results The ventral midbrain of neonatal rats mainly contains dopamine (DA) and GABA neurons. The median lethal dose of glutamate to DA neurons cultured in vitro for one week was 60μmol / L, while the median lethal dose to GABA neurons was 160μmol / L. NMQX, a non-NMDA receptor antagonist, has a strong protective effect on DA neurons. Combined use of CNQX and NMDA receptor antagonist d-APV can completely block the toxic effect of glutamate. Conclusion DA neurons have high sensitivity to excitotoxicity of glutamate, and the different sensitivities of neurons to glutamate toxicity may be related to the distribution of glutamate receptors