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发掘和利用抗旱基因资源是水稻抗旱育种的基础。本研究利用PVC管鉴定法,对24份转入抗旱主效基因的材料进行苗期抗旱特性鉴定,设干旱胁迫(DD)和非干旱胁迫(WW)两处理,研究中采用了最大根长、根干物质重、叶干物质重、根叶长比、分蘖数、叶面积、水份消耗量、水份利用率作为鉴定指标。研究结果显示,对于导入抗旱主效基因的材料,经苗期抗旱性鉴定都具有一定的抗旱性,但抗旱的程度有差异。胁迫下,所有材料的最大根长值超过正常生长下的值,处理间差异显著;在根叶长比、分蘖数、水份消耗量、水份利用率上部分材料表现为正增长;在根干物质重、叶干物质重、叶面积上均表现为负增长,处理间差异显著,只是个别材料的值与WW下的生长量差异不显著。鉴定出5份抗旱性表现较好的材料,5份中除IR83376-B-B-71-1外,都转入了两个以上的抗旱基因,说明聚合抗旱基因对提高抗旱性是有效的。鉴定指标间存在较好的相关性并考虑指标值测定的方便准确,最大根长、根叶长比、分蘖数、水份消耗量可作为苗期较好的抗旱性鉴定指标。
Exploiting and utilizing drought-resistant genetic resources is the foundation of drought-resistant breeding in rice. In this study, the identification of 24 drought-resistance genes transferred into drought-tolerant seedlings was carried out using PVC tube identification method. The drought resistance characteristics at seedling stage were determined. Two treatments including drought stress (DD) and non-drought stress (WW) Root dry matter weight, leaf dry matter weight, root length ratio, tiller number, leaf area, water consumption, water use efficiency as an indicator. The results showed that the drought resistance of seedlings had some drought resistance, but the degree of drought resistance was different for the materials with the main gene of drought resistance. Under the stress, the maximum root length value of all the materials exceeded the value of normal growth, the difference was significant among the treatments; in the ratio of root length, tiller number, water consumption, water use efficiency, some materials showed positive growth; Dry matter weight, leaf dry matter weight, leaf area showed negative growth, significant differences between treatments, but the value of individual materials and the growth of WW was not significantly different. Five materials with better drought resistance were identified, and more than two drought-tolerant genes were transferred into all five except IR83376-B-B-71-1, indicating that polymeric drought resistance genes are effective in improving drought resistance. There is a good correlation between the identification of indicators and to consider the convenient and accurate determination of indicators, the maximum root length, root length ratio, tillering number, water consumption can be used as seedling better drought resistance identification.