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目的了解社区2型糖尿病患者防治知识掌握情况与自我管理能力,为糖尿病的防治工作提供参考。方法采用典型抽样方法抽取全国5个省市8个社区内的1006例2型糖尿病患者作为调查对象。采用自行设计的调查问卷,以面对面的方式对调查对象的防治知识知晓情况和自我管理现况等进行调查。不同分类特征率的比较采用χ2检验,应用logistic回归模型筛选空腹血糖知晓率和定期监测血糖的影响因素。结果 1 006例2型糖尿病患者平均年龄(65.2±10.4)岁,女性占63.42%。知晓自己目前的血糖水平的占74.75%(752/1 006),至少1周1次定期测量血糖的占27.44%(276/1 006),1周至1个月之间测量血糖的占54.37%(547/1 006)。非条件logistic回归分析显示,文化程度较高者、参加城镇职工医疗保险或公费医疗、参加新农村合作医疗的患者对于自身空腹血糖水平的知晓率较高,OR值分别为1.300(95%CI:1.040~1.625)、2.047(95%CI:1.340~3.127)、1.829(95%CI:1.125~2.974);年龄较大、家庭月均收入较高、参加城镇职工医疗保险或公费医疗、参加新农村合作医疗的患者血糖监测的频率也较高,OR值分别为1.479(95%CI:1.155~1.893)、1.452(95%CI:1.026~2.055)、3.107(95%CI:1.932~4.999)、2.019(95%CI:1.215~3.353)。结论应加强对社区2型糖尿病患者的健康教育和健康促进,提高糖尿病防治知识知晓率,提高自我管理的能力。
Objective To understand the prevention and treatment knowledge and self-management ability of patients with type 2 diabetes in community and provide references for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Methods A total of 1006 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in 8 communities in 5 provinces, cities and provinces of China were selected as the survey subjects by the typical sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the knowledge of prevention and treatment of the respondents and the current situation of self-management in a face-to-face manner. Χ2 test was used to compare the characteristic rates of different categories, and the influencing factors of screening fasting blood sugar awareness and regular monitoring of blood glucose were screened by using logistic regression model. Results The average age of 1 006 patients with type 2 diabetes was (65.2 ± 10.4) years old, and the female was 63.42%. 74.75% (752/1 006) knew their current blood glucose level, 27.44% (276/1 006) took regular blood glucose measurement at least once a week, and 54.37% (1 week to 1 month) measured blood glucose 547/1 006). Unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that those with higher education level, those who participated in urban employee medical insurance or public medical care, and those who participated in the new rural cooperative medical system had a higher awareness of their own fasting blood glucose levels, with OR values of 1.300 (95% CI: 1.040 ~ 1.625), 2.047 (95% CI: 1.340 ~ 3.127) and 1.829 (95% CI: 1.125 ~ 2.974). The average age of family members was higher than that of the average family members. They participated in urban employee medical insurance or public medical expenses, The frequency of blood glucose monitoring was also higher in patients with cooperative medical care, with OR values of 1.479 (95% CI: 1.155-1.893), 1.452 (95% CI: 1.026-2.05), 3.107 (95% CI: 1.932-4.999) (95% CI: 1.215 ~ 3.353). Conclusions Health education and health promotion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus should be strengthened, the awareness of diabetes prevention and control knowledge should be improved, and the ability of self-management should be improved.