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作物在其新陈代谢过程中,需要经常不断地从环境中吸收必需的矿质元素,加以同化和利用,借以维持正常的生命活动。这一过程,一般称为作物的矿质营养。施肥恰当与否,不仅影响作物本身的生长发育,而且关系到它的产量和品质,因此有加以专门讨论的必要。一、作物体内的矿质元素及其生理作用将新鲜作物烘干,除去水分,剩下的便是干物质。再将干物质燃烧,有些元素如碳、氢、氧、氮便成为气体跑掉了,留下约占干重1—5％的灰分,便是作物从环境(主要是土壤)中吸收的矿质元素,其平均成分大致如下:
In the course of their metabolism, crops need to constantly absorb the necessary mineral elements from the environment and assimilate and utilize them in order to maintain their normal life activities. This process, commonly known as the crop’s mineral nutrition. Appropriate fertilization or not, not only affect the crop’s own growth and development, but also related to its yield and quality, so there is a need for special discussion. First, the body of the mineral elements of the crop and its physiological role of fresh crops will be dried, remove the water, the rest is dry matter. Something like carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen will run away as the gas burns, leaving about 1-5% dry ash, which is the mineral that the crop absorbs from the environment (mainly the soil) Elements, the average composition is as follows: