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苯是一种常见工业化学物,普遍存在于环境中。它还是一种类放射性物质,大量接触可导致骨髓进行性退变、再生障碍性贫血、白血病和免疫系统机能障碍等。1971年,美国职业安全卫生管理局(OSHA)根据苯可以引起骨髓抑制和再生障碍性贫血的关系,提出空气中苯的容许接触限值(PEL)为35 mg/m~3,后来,考虑到苯与肿瘤发生有关,又降至3.5 mg/m~3。最近,美国工业卫生工作者学会(ACGIH)将苯列为A_1类已确认的人类致癌物,建议8 h时间加权平均阈限值(TLV)为0.35 mg/m~3。
Benzene is a common industrial chemical commonly found in the environment. It is also a radioactive material of the kind that a substantial exposure can lead to progressive bone marrow degeneration, aplastic anemia, leukemia and immune system dysfunction. In 1971, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration of the United States (OSHA) proposed a limit of benzene (PEL) in air of 35 mg / m 3 based on the relationship between benzene-induced bone marrow suppression and aplastic anemia. Later, Benzene and tumor-related, down to 3.5 mg / m ~ 3. Recently, the American Society of Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) listed benzene as a confirmed human carcinogen in class A_1, with a suggested 8 h time weighted mean threshold (TLV) of 0.35 mg / m 3.