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钾是人体内的一种重要元素,是细胞内的主要阳离子(98%在细胞内)。是神经冲动传导、肌肉收缩及心脏自动机能所必需。低血钾对人体危害极大,一旦出现危象,往往威胁患者生命。药源性低血钾的机制可从三个方面大量丧失钾来解释:药物使钾分布异常、转移入细胞内的钾增加;经胃肠道的损失或经肾脏损失。药物使钾分布异常,转移进入细胞内的钾增加。一、胰岛素:胰岛素可活化Na~+、K~+-ATP酶的功能,使细胞摄取钾增加,因葡萄糖在肝内形成糖原时,每克肝糖原需要0.48毫当量K~+。
Potassium is an important element in the human body and is the major intracellular cation (98% intracellular). Neuro impulse conduction, muscle contraction and cardiac auto-function required. Hypokalemia great harm to the human body, in the event of crisis, often threatening the lives of patients. Mechanisms of drug-induced hypokalemia can be explained by the substantial loss of potassium from three aspects: the drug causes an abnormal distribution of potassium, an increase in potassium that is transferred into the cell, a loss through the gastrointestinal tract, or loss through the kidneys. Potassium drugs are abnormal distribution, transfer of potassium into the cells increased. Insulin: Insulin can activate Na ~ +, K ~ + -ATP enzyme function, so that cell uptake of potassium, due to glucose in the liver to form glycogen, glycogen per gram needs 0.48 millimolar K ~ +.