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针对工件表面的粗糙度对其使用起着至关重要的影响,对40Cr材料进行电子束正交实验并检测其粗糙度。结果表明:电子束参数对材料表面的粗糙度影响较大,参数不同,材料表面的粗糙度有可能升高或者降低。对原始表面低粗糙度试样进行电子束试验,表面粗糙度值随照射次数增加不断升高;对原始表面高粗糙度试样进行试验,表面粗糙度值随照射次数增加处于下降趋势。分析表明:电子束处理对材料表面形貌具有消除划痕和产生熔坑两方面的影响,电子束处理材料表面粗糙度的变化是以上两个过程综合作用的结果。
The roughness of the surface of the workpiece plays a crucial role in its use. The 40Cr material is subjected to the electron beam orthogonal test and its roughness is measured. The results show that the parameters of e-beam have great influence on the roughness of the material surface, and the parameters of the e-beam are different. The roughness of the material surface may increase or decrease. Electron beam test was carried out on the samples with low surface roughness. The surface roughness value increased with the increase of the number of shots. The surface roughness of the samples with high surface roughness was decreased with the increase of irradiation times. The results show that the electron beam treatment has the effect of eliminating scratches and cratering on the surface morphology of the material. The change of the surface roughness of the electron beam processing material is the result of the combined effect of the above two processes.