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目的：为研究简便、快速、特异、灵敏的检测膀胱癌组织中人乳头状瘤病毒（ｈｕｍａｎｐａｐｉｌｌｏｍａｖｉｒｕｓ，ＨＰＶ），借以探讨膀胱癌的病因。方法：采用聚合酶链反应技术行人乳头状瘤病毒ＤＮＡ检测。结果：正常膀胱粘膜组织中未检出ＨＰＶ；２０例新鲜膀胱移行细胞癌组织中有８例阳性表达，总阳性率为４０％，按ＷＨＯ分级标准，膀胱移行上皮细胞癌Ⅰ级检出率５０％，Ⅱ级４３％，Ⅲ级２０％。结论：正常膀胱粘膜到病变组织ＨＰＶＤＮＡ从无到有，说明ＨＰＶ感染与癌的发生有关，并且ＨＰＶ在膀胱癌中的存在随病理分级的上升其阳性率下降，说明该方法简便、快速、特异、灵敏，对于膀胱癌病因学有一定的参考价值。
Objective: To investigate the simple, rapid, specific and sensitive detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) in bladder cancer so as to explore the etiology of bladder cancer. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect human papillomavirus DNA. Results: HPV was not found in normal bladder mucosa tissues; 8 of 20 cases of fresh bladder transitional cell carcinoma were positive, with a total positive rate of 40%. According to WHO classification criteria, the detection rate of bladder transitional epithelial cell carcinoma grade Ⅰ was 50 %, Ⅱ grade 43%, Ⅲ grade 20%. CONCLUSIONS: HPVDNA from normal bladder mucosa to diseased tissue is rare, indicating that HPV infection is related to the occurrence of cancer. The positive rate of HPV in bladder cancer with pathological grading increases, indicating that this method is simple, rapid, specific, Sensitive, for the etiology of bladder cancer have a certain reference value.