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近年来基因修饰肿瘤疫苗包括ＭＨＣ分子、共刺激信号Ｂ７分子及各种细胞因子基因修饰的肿瘤疫苗，在体内外试验和基础研究中取得了相当的进展，本文主要对其作用机理进行了小结。肿瘤细胞表达外源ＭＨＣ、Ｂ７分子，使宿主免疫系统能有效识别、杀伤肿瘤；表达某些细胞因子（如ＩＬ－２、ＩＬ－４、ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ、ＴＮＦ－α等）能诱导产生ＣＴＬ，而某些细胞因子则激发非Ｔ细胞的杀伤作用（如ＩＬ－４、Ｇ－ＣＳＦ诱导中性粒细胞的炎症反应，ＩＬ－２诱导ＮＫ细胞的杀伤作用，ＩＬ－４、ＩＬ－７、ＩＦＮ－γ等诱导肿瘤局部Ｍφ的浸润）。
In recent years, genetically modified tumor vaccines, including MHC molecules, co-stimulatory signal B7 molecules and various cytokine gene modified tumor vaccine, made in vitro and in vivo experiments and basic research has made considerable progress in this paper, its main mechanism of action were summarized. Tumor cells express exogenous MHC and B7 molecules, which make the immune system of the host effectively recognize and kill tumors. CTL can be induced by the expression of certain cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, GM-CSF and TNF- Some cytokines stimulate non-T cell killing (IL-4, G-CSF-induced neutrophil inflammation, IL-2-induced NK cell killing, IL-4, IL-7, IFN -γ and other induced tumor local Mφ infiltration).