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土地不仅是私法上的重要内容,也在公法中占据着重要地位。从公法视角发掘中国古代土地法律制度的价值,具有十分重要的意义。一方面,中国古代土地法以“均田限田”为方式控制地权初始分配,追求均地安民的法律价值;另一方面,又通过推行均税减赋等措施控制农民土地税赋,保障国家税收,追求富国安民的法律价值。土地公法价值的实现,主要是依赖土地三个方面的功能,即政治上的神圣象征功能、保税富国的基础和安民养民的载体,而这些都是历次土地制度变革追求的价值目标。
Land is not only an important part of private law, but also occupies an important position in public law. From the perspective of public law to explore the value of ancient Chinese land legal system, is of great significance. On the one hand, the ancient Chinese land laws controlled the initial distribution of land rights and pursued the legal value of both local and local people in the way of “equalizing land and limiting land”; on the other hand, they also controlled the peasants’ land tax , Protect the country’s tax revenue and pursue the legal value of the rich and the peaceful. The realization of the value of public law of land mainly relies on the function of three aspects of land, namely, the sacred symbolic function of politics, the foundation of bonded rich country and the carrier of protecting the people and safeguarding the common people. These are all the value goals pursued by the previous land system reform.