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呼吸象心跳一样,是生命的重要指标之一。它对维持人体正常的新陈代谢有着重要的意义。这一章要了解呼吸各个环节的基本过程。尤其要掌握肺通气和换气的原理。所谓肺通气是指气体进出肺的过程。推动气体进出肺的动力是大气压与肺内压的压力差。肺通气是靠呼吸运动来完成的,呼吸运动是呼吸肌节律性舒缩括动的结果。重要的呼吸肌是膈肌和肋间外肌。肺通气还会遇到阻力,包括弹性阻力和非弹性阻力。肺通气的多少以肺通气量来表示。进入肺泡的气量才有气体交换意义,因此用肺泡通气量反映气体交换效率,肺容量也有很多指标,其中肺活量和时间肺活量在临床上常用来检查肺的通气功能。
Breathing, like a heartbeat, is one of the most important indicators of life. It is important to maintain the normal metabolism of the human body. This chapter should understand the basic process of breathing in all aspects. In particular, to master the principle of lung ventilation and ventilation. The so-called lung ventilation refers to the process of gas in and out of the lungs. The motivation for the gas to move in and out of the lungs is the pressure difference between the barometric pressure and the pressure inside the lungs. Pulmonary ventilation is accomplished by breathing exercise, which is the result of rhythmic contraction and contraction of respiratory muscles. Important respiratory muscles are the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. Lung ventilation also has resistance, including elastic and non-elastic resistance. How much lung ventilation to lung ventilation to express. The amount of gas into the alveolar gas exchange only meaning, so the use of alveolar ventilation reflect the gas exchange efficiency, there are many indicators of lung capacity, including vital capacity and time capacity of the spleen in clinical practice is often used to check the ventilation function of the lungs.