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柴油发动机经过一段时期运转或维修后,工况往往发生变化,表现为动力性能差、耗油量大、排烟、工作不稳、加速不良及难以起动等故障,这些故障的原因大多是因燃油供给系统工作状况不良造成的。具体讲是发生在三个偶件上。目前,在机械使用现场,对三个偶件故障随机检测的难度很大。故大多仍以感觉和经验进行判别。实践表明,由于经验判断造成误诊、误断而误修,在维修和使用部门仍是一个非常突出的问题。 一、燃油管油压的分析 燃油的喷射过程较复杂。图1为一次正常供油压力波图形。当柱塞上升、进油孔开始关闭时,燃油受压。当压力升高到超过油管中的残余压力P_1与出油阀弹簧压力之和时,燃油顶开出油阀,进入高压油管。此时,喷油
Diesel engine operation or maintenance after a period of time, the operating conditions are often changed, manifested as poor power performance, fuel consumption, exhaust smoke, unstable work, poor acceleration and difficult to start and other failures, most of these failures are due to fuel Supply system caused by poor working conditions. In particular, is happening in the three even pieces. At present, in the field of mechanical use, it is very difficult to randomly detect the failure of three couples. Therefore, most of them still feel and experience discrimination. Practice shows that due to the experience of judgments resulting in misdiagnosis, mistakes and mistakes, in the maintenance and use of the department is still a very prominent issue. First, the fuel pipe analysis of the fuel injection process more complicated. Figure 1 shows a normal pressure wave pattern. When the plunger goes up, the oil inlet starts to close and the fuel pressure is applied. When the pressure rises above the sum of the residual pressure P_1 of the tubing and the pressure of the delivery valve spring, the top of the fuel opens the oil valve and enters the high-pressure tubing. At this point, fuel injection