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翻译后修饰能快速、有效且可逆地调节蛋白的稳定性、分布位置、功能及其与其它分子之间的相互作用。翻译后修饰主要包括氨基酸残基的SUMO化、磷酸化、棕榈化以及乙酰化等。这些复杂的生化修饰能严格、规范地调节各种细胞过程。亨廷顿蛋白(Htt)的几种翻译后修饰方式已见报道。这些翻译后修饰会影响Htt的代谢、Htt与其它蛋白质的相互作用以及Htt的细胞毒性。突变Htt的剪切、清除以及与其它细胞蛋白质的相互作用是导致亨廷顿病的重要生化事件。因此,了解Htt修饰的信号转导及其意义,可以帮助我们更好地理解野生型Htt的正常功能和突变Htt的致病机制。
Post-translational modifications rapidly, efficiently and reversibly regulate the stability, distribution, function and interaction of proteins with other molecules. Post-translational modifications mainly include SUMOylation, phosphorylation, palmination and acetylation of amino acid residues. These complex biochemical modifications can strictly and regularly regulate various cellular processes. Several post-translational modifications of Huntington’s protein (Htt) have been reported. These post-translational modifications affect the metabolism of Htt, the interaction of Htt with other proteins, and the cytotoxicity of Htt. Cleavage of the mutant Htt, clearance and interaction with other cellular proteins are important biochemical events leading to Huntington’s disease. Therefore, understanding Htt-modified signal transduction and its significance can help us to better understand the normal function of wild-type Htt and the pathogenesis of mutant Htt.