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在对病人使用胃肠外营养(PN)时,为预防药物引起的代谢紊乱,必须对接受PN 的病人,监测多种影响其营养素和代谢性内环境稳定的药学和药理学因素。药学因素涉及PN 混合剂的组成,主要考虑物理化学的可配伍性,以及以PN 混合剂作药物释放载体时,使药物有效释放。对药理学因素,要考虑的是保持体内液体、钠、钾、钙、镁、磷的稳定,防止代谢性酸、碱中毒。本文讨论了各种药物对上述诸方面的正负影响,以及监测技术和对液体、电解质的处理。
In patients with parenteral nutrition (PN), to prevent drug-induced metabolic disorders, patients receiving PN must be monitored for a variety of pharmacological and pharmacological factors that affect their nutrient and metabolic homeostasis. Pharmacological factors involved in the composition of PN mixture, mainly considering the compatibility of physical and chemical, as well as the PN mixture for drug release carriers, the effective drug release. Pharmacological factors, to be considered is to maintain the body fluid, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus stability, to prevent metabolic acidosis, alkalosis. This article discusses the positive and negative effects of various drugs on these aspects, as well as monitoring techniques and the handling of liquids and electrolytes.