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名词和动词的神经表征已成为近年来众多神经影像学和神经心理学研究的一个焦点。总体而言,这些研究发现在英语等印欧语言中,动词的神经表征位于额叶区(如左侧前额叶皮层),而名词的神经表征区域在脑后部(颞枕区)。不过越来越多的证据表明事实可能并不是那么简单。众所周知的是,汉语的语法很特别,尤其是它的名词和动词结构。本研究考察了汉语名词和动词的神经基础。在我们的脑成像(fMRI)实验中,被试看到一系列双音节的名词、动词以及词类归属有分歧的模糊词,然后进行真假词判断。实验结果发现,汉语名词和动词在左右脑半球激活的神经网络大面积重合。这一结果支持了语言类型学和语言特性会影响语法类别神经表征的假说,与近来关于特定语言经验会重塑阅读和言语神经系统的观点相一致,即,汉语语法的特殊性影响了汉语的神经表征、处理和习得。
Nervous characterization of nouns and verbs has become a focus of many neuroimaging and neuropsychological research in recent years. Overall, these studies found that in Indo-European languages such as English, the verb’s neurological signatures are located in the frontal lobe area (eg, the left prefrontal cortex), while the nomenclature is in the posterior region of the brain (temporal occipital area). However, a growing body of evidence suggests that the truth may not be that simple. It is well known that Chinese grammar is very special, especially its noun and verb structure. This study examines the neural basis of Chinese nouns and verbs. In our fMRI experiment, subjects saw a series of disyllabic nouns, verbs and parts of speech that were classified as disambiguation words, followed by true and false word judgments. Experimental results show that Chinese nouns and verbs in the left and right hemisphere activation of neural networks overlap. This result supports the hypothesis that linguistic typology and linguistic properties affect the neural representation of grammatical categories and is consistent with the recent notion that particular language experiences will reshape the reading and speech nervous systems, ie, the particularity of Chinese grammar affects the Chinese Neurological characterization, processing and acquisition.