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知母为中医常用的清热泻火、润燥滋阴药,为百合科植物Anemarrhena asphodeloi-des Bge.的根茎。但近年来,四川省一些地区把鸢尾根茎作知母根茎在我市推销。我市随县、襄阳等地将鸢尾种子误作知母种子种植,并将鸢尾科植物鸢尾Iris tectorum Maxim.的干燥根茎误作知母销售和入药。四川绵阳,云南昭通等地又将鸢尾根茎作射于销售。三者来源不同,功能、主治各异,不能充代。现将知母与鸢尾根茎的性状、显微、理化的初步鉴别报道如下:
Anemarrhenae is a traditional Chinese medicine used in traditional Chinese medicine for clearing heat, purging fire and nourishing yin. It is the root of the Anemarrhena asphodeloi-des Bge. However, in recent years, some areas of Sichuan Province have marketed the rhizome of A. sinensis as A. rhizome in our city. In the same county, Xiangyang and other places in our city, the appendix seeds were mistaken for the seed planting of Anemarrhenae, and the dried rhizomes of Iris tectorum Maxim. of Iris family were mistaken for the sales and use of Anemarrhena. Mianyang, Sichuan Province, Zhaotong, Yunnan Province and other places will shoot the roots of the appendix. The three sources are different, and their functions and indications are different. They cannot be replaced. The preliminary identification reports on the traits, microscopic and physicochemical properties of Rhizoma Anemarrhenae and appendix rhizomes are as follows: