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目的:了解广西壮族自治区熔岩地貌边远山区天峨县农村生活饮用水水质情况及影响因素,为当地农村供水、改水提供科学依据。方法:2008-2011年在全县9个乡镇随机选择108个水质取样点,现场调查取水方式、水源类型及覆盖人口,同时进行水样采集、检验和评价。结果:4年共检测集中供水样品451分,供水覆盖人口为78 478人,占年均总人口46.39%,分散供水样品共76份,供水覆盖人口为678人,占年均总人口0.40%。检测水样527份,合格样品147份,合格率为27.89%,经统计学处理,各年度的合格率差异有显著性(P<0.01);枯水期与丰水期水质合格率分别为28.83%、26.73%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不合格指标中细菌学指标的合格率最低,集中式供水细菌学指标合格率为29.71%,分散式供水仅为17.11%。结论:天峨县农村生活饮用水的质量问题主要是细菌学指标超标所致。
Objective: To understand the water quality of rural drinking water in Tian’e County in remote mountainous areas of lava in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and its influencing factors, and to provide a scientific basis for water supply and water improvement in rural areas. Methods: From 2008 to 2011, 108 water quality sampling points were randomly selected in 9 townships of the county. The ways of water intake, water sources and population coverage were investigated on site, and water samples were collected, examined and evaluated at the same time. Results: A total of 451 samples of centralized water supply were tested during the four years. The population covered by water supply was 78 478 persons, accounting for 46.39% of the total annual population. There were 76 scattered water samples and 678 people covered by water supply, accounting for 0.40% of the total annual population. 527 samples of water samples and 147 samples were qualified, the pass rate was 27.89%. There was a significant difference (P <0.01) in passing rate between the two samples after statistical analysis. The pass rates of water quality in dry season and wet season were 28.83% 26.73%, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The pass rate of bacteriological indicators was the lowest in the unqualified indicators. The qualified rate of centralized water supply bacteriological indicators was 29.71% and the distributed water supply was only 17.11%. Conclusion: The quality problems of drinking water in rural areas in Tian’e County are mainly caused by excessive bacteriological indexes.