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文章将法律推理视为实践理性的一个应用分支,在具体分析适用法律的过程时不可避免涉及到的问题是何为法律?为何演绎推理对此法律的适用是有效的?对于这些问题,麦考密克借用实例和奥斯汀、哈特和拉兹等人的观点系统阐释了效力论,进而从实证的角度结合自然法理论得出法律是在一定社会环境、制度环境之下的认可。而法官适用这一法律规则,能够运用演绎证明充分必然的得出法律结论的前提是基于共同承认的“效力论”。至此,笔者认为有必要展开具体讨论,对效力论的形成前提进行证立。
The article regards legal reasoning as an application branch of practical rationality. When analyzing the process of applying law, it is inevitable that the problem involved is the law. Why is deductive reasoning valid for the application of the law? For these questions, Mick borrowed the examples and the views of Austin, Hart and Raz and others systematically explained the theory of effectiveness, and then from the empirical point of view the law of natural law concluded that the law is recognized in a certain social environment and institutional environment. The premise that the judge applies this rule of law and can use the deduction to prove the necessary and sufficient legal conclusion is based on the commonly acknowledged theory of effectiveness. At this point, I think it is necessary to start a specific discussion, the validity of the premise of the establishment of evidence.