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目的通过对本院药品不良反应信息汇总,分析药品不良反应的发生情况,并对药品不良反应自发报告模式进行探讨。方法采用病例回顾性研究的方法,总结不良反应发生状况,包括患者的基本资料、药品及其不良反应的特点、发生率、严重度等因素。结果本院药品不良反应的发生率为0.007 7%,住院患者药品不良反应的发生率为0.051 7%,门诊发生率为0.006 7%,老年患者药品不良反应的发生率较高,A型药品不良反应的发生率较高,抗生素类药物不良反应的发生率较高。轻度和中度药品不良反应的发生率分别为50.0%和46.8%,27.7%的药品不良反应是可预防的,71.4%的药品不良反应至少存在一种易感因素,最常见的易感因素为多种药物合并使用和多种合并症。对患者特征与药品不良反应特征进行相关性分析发现,A型药品不良反应在老年患者的发生率较高,B型药品不良反应在中青年患者的发生率较高。结论本院药品不良反应自发报告发生情况与其他医院相似。避免药品不良反应常见的易感因素可显著减少或预防药品不良反应的发生。
Objective To analyze the incidence of adverse drug reactions by summarizing the adverse drug reactions in our hospital and to explore the spontaneous reporting mode of adverse drug reactions. Methods The case retrospective study was conducted to summarize the incidence of adverse reactions, including the basic data of the patients, the characteristics of the drugs and their adverse reactions, the incidence and severity of the adverse reactions. Results The incidence of adverse drug reactions in our hospital was 0.007 7%. The incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients was 0.051 7% and the outpatient rate was 0.006 7%. The incidence of adverse drug reactions in elderly patients was high. The higher the incidence of reactions, the higher the incidence of adverse reactions of antibiotics. Adverse reactions to mild and moderate adverse drug reactions were 50.0% and 46.8% respectively. Adverse reactions to 27.7% of the drugs were preventable. There were at least one predisposing factor for 71.4% adverse drug reactions. The most common susceptibility factors Multiple drug combinations and multiple comorbidities. Correlation analysis of the characteristics of patients and adverse drug reactions found that type A adverse drug reactions in elderly patients with a higher incidence of type B adverse drug reactions in young patients with a higher incidence. Conclusion The incidence of spontaneous adverse drug reactions in our hospital is similar to that in other hospitals. Avoid common side effects of adverse drug reactions can significantly reduce or prevent the occurrence of adverse drug reactions.