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目的探讨泰兴市病毒性肝炎的发病特征,以便调整防治策略,制定科学的防治措施。方法从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病管理信息系统”中将历年病毒性肝炎疫情报告资料导出成excel格式文件,经订正修改后用excel软件进行数据整理,采用SPSS 17.0统计软件对数据频率、构成比等指标进行描述统计。用χ2检验进行统计分析。结果该市2005—2013年共报告5类病毒性肝炎3 415例,年均发病率为31.06/10万,甲型肝炎388例,乙型肝炎1 582例,丙型肝炎321例,戊型肝炎275例,未分型肝炎849例;各型肝炎总的分布曲线呈单峰分布,发病率最高的月份为3月份;农村总发病率高于城市,城乡总发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.22,P<0.05);男性总的发病率及各型肝炎的发病率均高于女性,差异有统计学意义;发病率最高的年龄为30~39岁,发病率最低的年龄为0~9岁;发病率居前5位的职业是农民、工人,学生,离退人员和干部。结论乙型肝炎仍是该市需主要防治的肝炎。今后我市在病毒性肝炎的防治方面既要注重个人预防措施,倡导接种疫苗,又要针对其传播途径的特点制定相应的措施,同时进一步加大健康教育的力度。
Objective To explore the incidence of viral hepatitis in Taixing in order to adjust prevention and treatment strategies and formulate scientific prevention and control measures. Methods From the “China Disease Control and Prevention Information System Infectious Diseases Management Information System” will be exported over the years viral hepatitis epidemic situation information into excel format, revised and then use excel software for data sorting, using SPSS 17.0 statistical software for data Frequency, composition ratio and other indicators to describe the statistics. Using χ2 test for statistical analysis. Results A total of 3 415 cases of 5 types of viral hepatitis were reported in the city from 2005 to 2013, with an average annual incidence of 31.06 / 100 000, 388 cases of hepatitis A, 1 582 cases of hepatitis B, 321 cases of hepatitis C, 275 cases, 849 cases of undifferentiated hepatitis; the total distribution curve of each type of hepatitis was unimodal distribution, the highest incidence in March for the month; rural overall incidence was higher than the city, the total incidence of urban and rural differences were statistically significant (χ2 = 4.22, P <0.05). The overall incidence of males and the incidence of various types of hepatitis were higher than those of females, the difference was statistically significant; the highest incidence was 30-39 years old, the lowest incidence was 0 ~ 9 years old; the top 5 occupations are farmers, workers, students, retirees and cadres. Conclusion Hepatitis B is still the main prevention and treatment for hepatitis B in this city. In the future, the city should pay attention to individual preventive measures in the prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis, advocate vaccination, but also for the characteristics of its transmission routes to develop appropriate measures, while further strengthening the health education efforts.