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目的分析南宁市武鸣县儿童多次罹患手足口病的流行病学特征,为科学预防控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法利用2009—2012年广西南宁市武鸣县疾病监测信息报告管理系统手足口病的个案数据,筛选多次感染病例,计算发生率,分析发病特点。结果武鸣县2009—2012年报告手足口病12 361例,其中1 268名患者多次感染,多次感染的发生率为10.25%。在多次感染的病例中有9例为重症病例,其中初次感染重症病例占7例。多次感染发病平均间隔10.18个月,发病时间分布规律与总发病水平相关(r=0.87,P<0.01)。发病平均年龄2.28岁,3岁以下儿童占78.68%;男女发病比为1.75∶1。散居儿童占64.38%,但随着重复感染次数的增加,幼托儿童发病构成比也逐次增加(χ2=204.51,P<0.01)。全县各乡镇均有多次感染病例分布,相对高发的是城厢镇、双桥镇、宁武镇、陆斡镇、两江镇、仙湖镇。结论武鸣县儿童多次罹患手足口病存在明显季节、地区、性别年龄差异。应加强托幼机构管理,加强健康教育宣传,促使民众养成良好的卫生习惯、创造清洁卫生的生活环境。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Wuming County, Nanning City, and to provide a scientific basis for scientific prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Using the case data of HFMD in Wuming County Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System in Nanning City from 2009 to 2012, multiple infection cases were screened, the incidence rate was calculated and the incidence characteristics were analyzed. Results A total of 12 361 HFMD cases were reported in Wuming County from 2009 to 2012, of which 1268 were complicated with multiple infections and the incidence of multiple infections was 10.25%. Among the multiple infections, 9 cases were severe cases, of which 7 cases were newly infected with severe cases. The average interval between multiple infections was 10.18 months. The distribution of incidence was correlated with the overall incidence (r = 0.87, P <0.01). The average incidence of 2.28 years of age, children under 3 years accounted for 78.68%; male to female incidence ratio of 1.75: 1. The number of scattered children accounted for 64.38%. However, with the increase of the number of repeated infections, the incidence of kinder children increased gradually (χ2 = 204.51, P <0.01). The township of the county has many cases of infection distribution, the relatively high incidence of Chengxiang Town, Shuangqiao Town, Ningwu Town, Lu Town, Liangjiang Town, Xianhu Town. Conclusion Wuming County children suffering from hand-foot-mouth disease have obvious seasonal, regional and gender differences in age. Nursing agencies should be strengthened management, strengthen health education and publicity, prompting the people to develop good health habits, and create a clean and hygienic living environment.