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目的了解新生儿脐血维生素D与婴儿维生素D水平及其相关性。方法收集340名新生儿脐血及与其配对的9个月婴儿血,采用酶联免疫法检测新生儿脐血及婴儿血的血清25-(OH)D水平。通过问卷调查收集婴儿喂养方式、母乳喂养的时间、添加维生素D的时间、剂量、户外活动时间等资料;并采用直线相关分析、单因素方差分析及χ2检验等进行新生儿脐血与婴儿血清维生素D水平相关性分析等。结果新生儿脐血和婴儿的25-(OH)D水平分别是(30.03±11.24)nmol/L、(79.05±28.96)nmol/L;92.94%的新生儿和9.71%的9个月婴儿的25-(OH)D水平低于50nmol/L,33.82%的新生儿25-(OH)D水平低于25nmol/L,9个月婴儿的25-(OH)D水平无一例低于25nmol/L。新生儿脐血与9个月婴儿血清25-(OH)D水平无相关性,spearman相关系数r=0.036,P=0.504。新生儿脐血及9个月婴儿血清的25-(OH)D水平均存在明显季节性差异(F分别=20.845,3.565;P分别为0.000,0.014)。维生素D水平在秋季最高,春季最低。结论新生儿脐血维生素D缺乏或不足普遍存在,尤其在春季。婴儿维生素D水平相对较高,尤其是在秋季。新生儿脐血与9个月婴儿血清25-(OH)D水平无相关性。提示婴幼儿维生素D缺乏可防可控,只要合理及时的补充维生素D,即可以有效的预防。必须加强妇幼保健工作管理,重视孕期维生素D的补充;冬春季节的孕妇(尤其是孕晚期)和新生儿以及婴儿应该多参加户外活动,特别重视维生素D的补充。
Objective To understand the neonatal cord blood vitamin D and infant vitamin D levels and their correlation. Methods 340 neonatal umbilical cord blood and its matched 9-month-old infant blood were collected. Serum 25- (OH) D levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in cord blood of neonates and infants. Through questionnaire survey, we collected infant feeding patterns, time of breastfeeding, time, dosage of vitamin D, time of outdoor activities and so on. The linear correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA and χ2 test were used to analyze the neonatal umbilical blood and infant serum vitamins D level correlation analysis. Results The levels of 25- (OH) D in neonatal cord blood and infants were (30.03 ± 11.24) nmol / L and (79.05 ± 28.96) nmol / L, respectively; 92.94% of newborns and 9.71% of 9-month infants - (OH) D levels were below 50 nmol / L, 33.82% of neonates had 25- (OH) D levels below 25 nmol / L, and none of 9- month infants had 25- (OH) D levels below 25 nmol / L. No correlation was found between neonatal umbilical blood and serum 25- (OH) D level in 9-month-old infants. The spearman correlation coefficient r = 0.036, P = 0.504. There were significant seasonal differences in serum 25- (OH) D levels between neonatal umbilical cord blood and 9-month infant infants (F = 20.845, 3.565; P, 0.000, 0.014, respectively). Vitamin D levels were highest in autumn and lowest in spring. Conclusion Neonatal umbilical cord vitamin D deficiency or deficiency is widespread, especially in the spring. Vitamin D levels in infants are relatively high, especially in the fall. There was no correlation between neonatal umbilical blood and serum 25- (OH) D levels in 9-month-old infants. Prompt infant vitamin D deficiency can be prevented and controlled, as long as a reasonable and timely vitamin D, which can effectively prevent. Must strengthen the management of maternal and child health care, emphasis on pregnancy vitamin D supplement; winter and spring of pregnant women (especially in late pregnancy) and newborns and infants should take part in outdoor activities, with special emphasis on vitamin D supplementation.