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以三嵌段醚共聚物P123作为模板剂、正硅酸乙酯为硅源,合成介孔分子筛SBA-15。以SBA-15为载体,利用尿素水解法制备ZrO2-SO24-改性的固体酸催化剂,对其进行表征。实验结果表明,合成的固体酸催化剂具有典型的介孔结构特征。将催化剂应用于微波法催化合成棕榈酸甲酯,考察反应时间、反应温度、辐射功率、酸醇物质的量比和催化剂用量对酯化率的影响,结果表明,在n(十六酸)∶n(甲醇)=1∶15、SZ/SBA-15催化剂用量0.8 g、反应时间20 min、反应温度40℃和微波辐射功率400 W条件下,酯化率可达87.70%,微波反应时间较传统合成方法大大缩短。
Using the triblock copolymer P123 as a template and tetraethyl orthosilicate as a silicon source, a mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15 was synthesized. SBA-15 as a carrier, the use of urea hydrolysis ZrO2-SO24-modified solid acid catalyst was prepared, characterized. The experimental results show that the synthesized solid acid catalyst has the typical characteristics of mesoporous structure. The catalyst was applied to the synthesis of methyl palmitate catalyzed by microwave method. The effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, radiant power, molar ratio of acid to alcohol and the amount of catalyst on the esterification rate were investigated. The results showed that in n (hexadecanoic acid) the reaction time is 20 min, the reaction temperature is 40 ℃ and the microwave irradiation power is 400 W, the esterification rate can reach 87.70%. The microwave reaction time is more traditional The synthesis method is greatly reduced.