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为探讨不同株距对黑龙江克拜地区大豆农艺性状及产量的影响,于2011和2012年在大田栽培条件下,采用裂区设计,主处理为株距因子,6个水平分别是2,3,4,5,7,10 cm;副处理为品种因子,7个水平,3种生态株型,分别是无限多分枝(丰收6号和华疆7734)、无限少分枝(丰收10号和丰收27)和亚有限主茎型(丰收24、克山1号和克福07-935)。结果表明:不同株距条件对大豆农艺性状及产量影响显著。随着株距增加,株高在营养生长阶段呈现逐渐降低趋势,在后期呈现先升后降趋势;5节高度和底荚高度降低,主茎节数、分枝数、茎粗、1粒荚、2粒荚、3粒荚、4粒荚、瘪荚、主茎荚和全株荚数升高;百粒重变化没有规律性,虫粒率和病粒率降低;蛋白质含量降低,脂肪含量升高;产量呈现先升后降趋势,分枝型材料适宜株距为7 cm,主茎型材料适宜株距为5 cm。
In order to explore the effect of different plant spacing on the agronomic characters and yield of soybean in Kweba region of Heilongjiang province, the design of fissure area was adopted in field cultivation in 2011 and 2012. The main treatment was plant spacing factor, and the 6 levels were 2, 3, 4, 5,7 and 10 cm respectively. The secondary treatments were variety factors, 7 levels and 3 ecotypes, which were infinitely many branches (bumper harvest 6 and hujiang 7734) and infinitesimal branches (bumper harvest 10 and bumper harvest 27) And sub-limited main stem type (bumper 24, Keshan 1 and Kefu 07-935). The results showed that different plant spacing conditions had significant effects on agronomic characters and yield of soybean. With the increase of plant spacing, the plant height showed a trend of decreasing gradually at vegetative growth stage and then increasing at first and then decreasing at the later stage. The height of 5 and lower pod height decreased, the number of main stem, branch number, stem diameter, 2 pods, 3 pods, 4 pods, defoliation pod, main stalk pod and whole plant pod number increased; 100-weight changes were not regular, the rate of worm particles and the rate of particles reduced; protein content decreased, fat content increased And the yield increased first and then decreased. The suitable plant spacing of the branched material was 7 cm and the suitable plantar spacing of the main stem material was 5 cm.