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(三)钛合金的熔炼 由钛矿石还原制成的海绵钛不能直接用作结构材料,必须进行进一步的熔炼或烧结,使成为致密的铸锭或烧结块。 我们知道金属钛与氢、氧、氮和碳的化合力很强,这样就造成了钛与钛合金在熔炼和加工中的复杂性,它们的熔炼和烧结操作都要求在高度的真空或纯化的惰性气氛(如氩、氦等)中进行。此外,由于钛对一般的耐火材料均发生蚀侵作用,到目前为止还没有寻找到一种适合于工业生产应用的坩埚材料。 现行的生产致密钛的主要方法就是电弧熔炼法,即使用自耗式电极或非自耗电极在水冷
(III) Melting of Titanium The sponge titanium made from the reduction of titanium ore can not be directly used as a structural material and must be further melted or sintered to be a dense ingot or agglomerate. We know that the strong combination of titanium and hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon, resulting in the complexity of the smelting and processing of titanium and titanium alloys, their melting and sintering operations require a high degree of vacuum or purified Inert atmosphere (such as argon, helium, etc.). In addition, as a result of titanium erosion of the general refractories have occurred, so far have not found a suitable crucible for industrial production applications. The current production of dense titanium is the main method of arc melting, that is, using consumable electrodes or non-consumable electrode in a water-cooled