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目的 研究肾病综合征患儿尿路感染的发病率、病原学和敏感药物。方法 对 194例肾病综合征患儿进行中段尿培养 ,阳性者进行菌群鉴定及药物敏感分析。结果 尿路感染发生率为 46 6 % ,以革兰阴性菌为主 (94 6 % ) ,其中以大肠杆菌最多 ,其他依次为肺炎克雷伯菌、变形杆菌等。喹诺酮类、其他 β -内酰胺类 (泰能、氨曲南 )、丁胺卡那对绝大多数的病原菌有效 ,氨苄青霉素等青霉素类抗生素已被大多数病原菌耐受。结论 肾病综合征患儿的尿路感染以革兰阴性菌为主 ,喹诺酮类、丁胺卡那等对绝大多数病原菌有效 ,青霉素类抗生素无效。
Objective To study the incidence of urinary tract infection, etiology and sensitive drugs in children with nephrotic syndrome. Methods One hundred and ninety-four children with nephrotic syndrome were enrolled in the mid-stage urinary culture, and the positive individuals were identified by bacteria and drug susceptibility analysis. Results The incidence of urinary tract infection was 46.6%, mainly gram-negative bacteria (94.6%), of which Escherichia coli was the most, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus. Quinolones, other beta-lactams (TENNA, aztreonam) and amikacin are effective against most pathogens, and penicillin antibiotics such as ampicillin have been tolerated by most pathogens. Conclusions Urinary tract infection in children with nephrotic syndrome is mainly Gram-negative bacteria. Quinolones and amikacin are effective for most pathogens, and penicillins are ineffective.