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前言隧洞的衬砌要用建筑力学的方法来计算,在这一方法中,岩石对砌衬的影响,可用以适当方法求出的主动力(地层压力)和被动力(弹性抗力)的作用来代替。不过,这二个力的大小,将直接影响到设计所采用的衬砌厚度。由于地层压力的计算,岩石弹性抗力的确定,又是一个极其复杂的问题。被坑道破环了的地层体的平衡条件,是由非常多的因素确定的,因此在条件许可,隧洞处于高极设计阶段的情况下,这种数值,最好采用野外实验的方法测定,在一定程度上可消除了人为的误差。但目前我国还没有试制成功野外测定 K、f 的仪器,同时对四、五级水工建筑物
Foreword The lining of the tunnel is to be calculated using the method of building mechanics. In this method, the effect of rock on the lining of the masonry can be replaced by the effects of the main force (formation pressure) and the driven force (elastic resistance) obtained by appropriate methods. . However, the size of these two forces will directly affect the thickness of the lining used in the design. Because of the calculation of formation pressure, the determination of rock elastic resistance is an extremely complex issue. The equilibrium condition of the formation body that has been destroyed by the tunnel is determined by a very large number of factors. Therefore, when the conditions permit, the tunnel is in the high-pole design stage, and this value is preferably determined by the field experiment method. To a certain extent, artificial errors can be eliminated. However, at present, China has not yet successfully tested instruments for the successful field determination of K and F.