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火山活动是影响全球变化的重要因素之一，玛珥湖和纹泥年代学是近年来古气候研究的新领域。玛珥湖由于其独特的封闭性及其物化条件，使之成为古环境变迁信息的理想载体。纹泥年代学是高分辨率研究过去全球变化的重要手段。玛珥湖的现存状态可以分为空型、湖型、沼泽型和干枯型。纹泥是某些玛珥湖中比较常见的一种沉积构造，它的形成需要一种精细的平衡。硅藻作为纹泥的一个重要组成部分，对光量、温度和各种无机盐反应敏锐，具有重要的古环境意义。能否制作完好的沉积物薄片是纹泥年代学成功与否的关键，本文对纹泥年代学的具体操作方法做了扼要介绍。中国有广泛的火山分布，其中不乏玛洱湖的存在，对之进行详细研究，不仅可以获得可与黄土、冰芯和深海岩芯相媲美的古气候序列，而且可以解决古气候学中某些难题。
Volcanic activity is one of the important factors influencing global change. Maar Lake and Muddy Chronology is a new field of paleoclimate research in recent years. Due to its unique confinement and its material and chemical conditions, Maar Lake has become an ideal carrier of paleoenvironmental changes. Sludge chronology is an important tool for high-resolution study of past global changes. The existing state of Maar Lake can be divided into empty type, lake type, swamp type and dry type. Mucilage is a sedimentary structure that is more common in some Maar which requires a fine balance. Diatoms as an important part of the mud, the light intensity, temperature and a variety of inorganic salts sensitive, has an important paleoenvironmental significance. It is the key to the success of the cataclastic chronology whether the intact sedimentary sheet can be made or not. In this paper, we briefly introduce the specific operation methods of the catacochures. China has extensive volcanic distributions, many of which are located in Lake Ma’er. Their detailed study not only provides paleoclimate sequences comparable to loess, ice cores and deep-sea cores, but also resolves some of the paleoclimate problem.