论文部分内容阅读
坐起-站立是平时生活中最常出现的动作之一。对于下肢功能不断衰弱的老年人而言,坐起-站立过程中常会发生跌倒。文章主要研究的是老年人坐起-站立过程中足底压力的动态特征与身体平衡能力的关系。本次实验在马连洼社区(北京老年人口比例最高的社区之一)进行,项目组共搜集到128例数据,其中男性51人,女性77人,年龄都不小于65岁。利用平衡能力测试对老年人群进行评分,分为正常组、低风险组、中等风险组、高风险组4组。实验时,要求所有的实验对象以最舒适的状态完成坐起-行走动作。左右足的足底压力和力矩数据被记录,并且被样本熵量化。研究结果表明,左右足的足底压力和力矩变量的样本熵的统计特性具有差异,并且在不同老年人群的足底压力和力矩之间也存在差异,尤其以下变量的样本熵在不同组别间存在显著性差异:行走过程中左足在内外侧方向的足底压力(LF_x,P=0.049)、在前后方向的足底压力(LF_y,P=0.025)、在垂直方向上的足底压力(LF_z,P=0.036),行走过程中右足在前后方向上的足底压力(RF_y,P=0.043)、在垂直方向上的足底压力(RF_z,P=0.006)、在内外侧方向上的力矩(RM_x,P=0.041)。以上结果表明,在采集和分析老年人的足底压力数据时应该分开处理。
Sitting - standing is one of the most common actions in everyday life. For the elderly with debilitating lower limbs, standing up - often falls during standing. The main study of the article is the elderly sit up - the relationship between the dynamic characteristics of plantar pressure and body balance during standing. The experiment was conducted in Malianwa Community (one of the communities with the highest proportion of elderly population in Beijing). A total of 128 data were collected by the project team, including 51 males and 77 females, all of whom were not less than 65 years old. The elderly were scored by using the balanced ability test and divided into four groups: normal group, low risk group, medium risk group and high risk group. During the experiment, all subjects were asked to sit and walk in the most comfortable state. Plantar pressure and moment data were recorded for the left and right foot and quantified by the sample entropy. The results show that there are differences in the statistical properties of the sample entropy of the left foot and left foot in the foot pressure and moment variables, and there are also differences in plantar pressure and moment between different age groups. In particular, the sample entropies of the following variables are between different groups (LF_x, P = 0.049), plantar pressure in the anteroposterior direction (LF_y, P = 0.025), plantar pressure in the vertical direction (LF_z , P = 0.036), plantar pressure (RF_y, P = 0.043) in the anteroposterior direction during walking, plantar pressure in the vertical direction (RF_z, P = 0.006), moment in the lateral direction RM_x, P = 0.041). The above results show that the data on the plantar pressure of the elderly should be treated separately.