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目的:进一步认识获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)并发机会感染的临床特点,提高临床诊断水平,减少误诊。方法:回顾性分析我院85例住院的AIDS患者的临床资料。包括临床表现、常见的机会感染、实验室检查异常情况及机会感染的确诊时间等情况。结果:本组资料中发生机会感染患者主要为青壮年男性,发病后误诊率为70%,大多经两家医院就诊后确诊。60%以上患者首诊于非感染科。临床表现主要有发热、咳嗽、腹泻、消瘦、皮疹、贫血等症状和体征。肺部感染35例(14%),肺结核12例(14%),乙型肝炎9例(10%),丙型肝炎10例(11%),梅毒7例(8%),耶氏肺孢子菌肺炎(PCP)15例(17%),败血症1例(1%)。结论:HIV机会感染呈多器官受累,临床表现复杂,不具特异性。临床应提高认识,减少误诊。
Objective: To further understand the clinical characteristics of opportunistic infections associated with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), improve clinical diagnosis and reduce misdiagnosis. Methods: The clinical data of 85 hospitalized AIDS patients in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Including clinical manifestations, common opportunistic infections, laboratory abnormalities and the timing of diagnosis of opportunistic infections. Results: The main opportunistic infections in this group of patients were young and middle-aged males. The incidence of misdiagnosis was 70%. Most of the patients were diagnosed by the two hospitals after treatment. More than 60% of patients first visited the non-infected department. The main clinical manifestations are fever, cough, diarrhea, weight loss, rash, anemia and other symptoms and signs. 35 cases (14%) of pulmonary infections, 12 cases (14%) of tuberculosis, 9 cases of hepatitis B (10%), 10 cases of hepatitis C (11%), 7 cases of syphilis (8% Bacterial pneumonia (PCP) in 15 cases (17%), sepsis in 1 case (1%). Conclusion: HIV infection is multiple organ involvement, clinical manifestations are complex and not specific. Clinical should raise awareness and reduce misdiagnosis.