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英国文论家伊格尔顿在1983年出版的《二十世纪西方文学理论》一书中解构了文学的本质和文学理论;20年之后,他对小说这一举足轻重的现代文学类型进行了解构。本文在细读2005年出版的《英国小说》一书的基础上,从小说的定义、小说的起源以及小说与现实主义的关系等三个方面审视了伊格尔顿的小说理论所具有的解构特色,进而指出,解构小说是为了更好地挖掘小说在文化政治方兴未艾的新的历史时期理应发挥的革命性作用,也就是说,解构小说是为了更好地重构小说,使之更好地与人类谋求自由解放的愿景相结合。
Eagleton, a British literary theorist, deconstructed the essence of literature and his literary theory in his The 20th Century Western Literary Theory, which was published in 1983; 20 years later, he deconstructed the pivotal type of modern literature . On the basis of reading the book “British Fiction” published in 2005, this essay examines the deconstruction of Eagleton’s novel theory from three aspects: the definition of the novel, the origin of the novel and the relationship between the novel and the realism Characteristics, and points out that the purpose of deconstructing novels is to better tap the revolutionary role that novels should play in the new historical period in which culture and politics are in the ascendant. That is to say, deconstructing novels is to better reconstruct novels and make it better Combined with the vision of mankind seeking freedom and liberation.