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本研究以不同成胚率的3个小麦DH株系与同一玉米品种杂交,探讨简化去雄方法对成胚率的影响。2年的试验结果表明,常规去雄方法与剪药+喷水、剪颖不去雄、剪药+剪伤部分柱头等3种简化去雄方法的平均成胚率分别为26.53%、26.49%、27.84%和25.60%,4种处理间差异不显著;平均自交结实率分别为1.44%、2.35%、6.13%和3.12%,剪颖不去雄的自交结实率显著高于其他3种处理,自交结实率低的原因与授粉偏迟有关。与常规去雄相比,3种简化去雄方法的去雄效率高5倍以上且单倍体胚成胚率相同,可作为小麦×玉米杂交中批量产生小麦单倍体的高效去雄方法单独或组合使用。
In this study, we crossed three DH lines with different embryogenesis rates with the same maize variety to explore the effect of simplification of the male sterility on the rate of embryogenesis. The results of two years showed that the average embryogenic rates of the three methods of simple removal of male sterility were 26.53%, 26.49% , 27.84% and 25.60%, respectively. There was no significant difference among the four treatments. The average selfing rate was 1.44%, 2.35%, 6.13% and 3.12% respectively. The seed setting rate of selfing was significantly higher than that of the other three The reason for the low self-fertility rate was related to the delayed pollination. Compared with the conventional male sterility, the three simplified methods of male sterility are more than 5 times more efficient and the haploid embryos have the same embryogenesis rate, which can be used as the efficient method for sterilizing wheat haploid in the cross of wheat × maize. Or in combination.