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目的分析连云港市2005—2013年麻疹发病的流行病学特征,为有效控制麻疹提供参考依据。方法对麻疹疫情资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2005—2013年麻疹病例2 211例,发病季节集中于1—4和12月,分别占63.03%、14.20%;发病年龄以0—11月龄组居多,占38.58%;其次为1岁~组23.47%,5岁~组10.27%。男女分别占63.50%和36.50%。职业分布以散居儿童为主,占61.37%;学生为其次,占19.17%。结论2005—2009年连云港市麻疹发病呈上升趋势,男性多于女性,2009和2010年实施两轮麻疹疫苗强化免疫之后,麻疹发病率大幅下降,疫情得到有效控制。今后应进一步加强麻疹、麻风和麻腮风疫苗的应急接种和常规预防接种工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles during 2005-2013 in Lianyungang and to provide a reference for the effective control of measles. Methods The epidemiological data of measles were described by epidemiological analysis. Results There were 2 211 cases of measles in 2005-2013. The season of onset was concentrated in 1-4 and 12 months, accounting for 63.03% and 14.20% respectively. The age of onset was mostly in 0-11 months (38.58%), followed by 1 (1) Group 23.47%, 5-year-old group 10.27%. Men and women accounted for 63.50% and 36.50% respectively. The occupational distribution was dominated by scattered children, accounting for 61.37%; followed by students, accounting for 19.17%. Conclusion The incidence of measles in Lianyungang increased from 2005 to 2009, with more males than females. After two rounds of measles vaccine boosting in 2009 and 2010, the incidence of measles dropped significantly and the outbreak was effectively controlled. In the future, emergency vaccination and routine vaccination against measles, leprosy and mumps vaccine should be further strengthened.