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7S球蛋白α’与α亚基是大豆种子贮藏蛋白的重要组分,是影响大豆营养价值与加工品质的重要因子,同时还是主要的大豆致敏原,降低它们的含量是大豆品质改良育种的最新研究热点之一。以日本育种材料7S球蛋白(α’+α)-亚基双缺失型日B为供体亲本,黑龙江省主栽大豆品种东农47为受体亲本,采用回交转育方法,将α’与(α’+α)-亚基缺失特性导入东农47。结果表明,α’-缺失型(Cc)和(α’+α)-双缺失型(Cd)品系均能正常生长、结实,并能稳定遗传;Cc、Cd产量组分性状的平均值均远高于轮回亲本,蛋白质含量平均值均高于双亲,部分Cd株系籽粒蛋白质总量高达46.7%,脂肪含量平均值介于双亲之间,略高于日B;导入α’-缺失和(α’+α)双缺失性状后,绝大多数氨基酸组分含量和氨基酸总量提高,其中精氨酸和天门冬氨酸平均含量变幅最大。Cd株系籽粒含硫氨基酸含量(蛋氨酸与胱氨酸之和)及氨基酸总量分别比东农47高出0.11和5.56个百分点。说明通过常规育种重组α’-缺失或(α’+α)-双缺失性状即可提高大豆含硫氨基酸含量,并提高其他氨基酸组分含量及氨基酸总量,在Cc、Cd的BC2F3后代群体中有望筛选到α’-缺失或α’与α同时缺失的高产、高含硫氨基酸、优质大豆新品种。
7S globulin α and α subunits are important components of soybean seed storage protein and are important factors affecting the nutritional value and processing quality of soybeans, and are also the major allergens of soybeans. One of the latest research hot spots. In this study, 7S globulin (α ’+ α) - double subunit Japanese B, a Japanese parental material, was used as donor parent. Dongnong 47, a soybean cultivar in Heilongjiang Province, was used as the recipient parent. And (α ’+ α) - subunit deletion characteristics into Dongnong 47. The results showed that both the α’-deletion type (Cc) and the (α ’+ α) -disaddition type (Cd) lines could grow normally, stably and steadily. The average values of Cc and Cd yield components were far Higher than the recurrent parents, the average protein content were higher than the parents, some of the total grain protein Cd line up to 46.7%, the average fat content between parents, slightly higher than Japan B; ’+ α) double deletion traits, the vast majority of amino acid components and amino acids increased, of which arginine and aspartate average amplitude maximum. The contents of sulfur-containing amino acids (sum of methionine and cystine) and total amino acids in kernels of Cd were 0.11 and 5.56% higher than Dongnong 47, respectively. The results showed that the content of sulfur-containing amino acids and the content of other amino acids and the total amount of amino acids in soybean could be increased by conventional breeding recombinant α’-deletion or (α ’+ α) -double deletion trait in BC2F3 progeny population of Cc and Cd It is expected to screen high-yield, high-sulfur amino acids and new high-quality soybean varieties with α’-deletion or α’-α deletion.